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Bolognese
Breedstandard
FCI-Standard Nr. 196 / 20.04.1989 /GB
Übersetzung: Frau Michèle Schneider
Origin: Italien
Date of publikation of the valid
original standard: 27.11.89
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY - Its origins are confused with those of the Maltese,
because its distant ancestors are the same little dogs mentioned in Latin by Aristotle
(384-322 BC) under the denomination of "canes melitenses". Already known in the Roman era,
the Bolognese appears most especially among the very appreciated gifts which were made
during a whole era by the powerful of that world. Cosimo de Medici (1389-1464) brought
no less than eight to Brussels as gifts to as many Belgian noblemen. Philipe II, King
of Spain from 1556 to 1598, after having received two as a gift from the Duke d'Este,
thanks the donor in writing saying "that these two little dogs are the most royal gifts
one can make to an emperor". Bolognese are represented in paintings of Titian, of Pierre
Breughel called le Vieux and Goya.
GENERAL APPEARANCE - Small size, stocky and compact, covered with a pure white coat long
and fluffy.
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS - Square built, the length of the body being equal to the height at
the withers.
BEHAVIOUR AND TEMPERAMENT - Very serious, generally not very active. Enterprising, docile,
very much attached to his master and his entourage.
HEAD - Of medium length, reaches 1/3 of the height of the withers. Its width, measured at
the level of the zygomatic arch is the same as its length.
CRANIAL REGION - The skull of slightly ovoid (egg-shaped) shape in the sagital direction
and rather flat in its upper part, has rather convex sides; the protuberances of the frontal
bones are well developed - The longitudinal axes of the skull and muzzle are parallel: the
frontal furrow is slightly accentuated and the occipital protuberance slightly marked. The
lenqth of the skull is slightly more than that of the muzzle. Stop - Rather accentuated.
FACIAL REGION
Nose - On the same line as the topline of the muzzle; seen in profile, its
foreface is on the vertical, is large and must be black.
Muzzle - Its length is equal to 2/5
of the lenght of the head; the topline of the muzzle is straight and the sides of the muzzle
are parallel, so that the forepart of the muzzle is determined by the lower jaw.
Jaws - Normally developed, with top and bottom aches perfectly adapted.
Teeth - White,
evenly aligned, with strong and complete dentition. Articulation of lncisors as scissor
bite; pincer bite tolerated.
Eyes - Set on an almost frontal plan: well opened, of superior
to normal in size. Eyelid opening is round; the eyeball must not be prominent; the white of
the eye is not visible. The rims of the eyelids must be black, and the iris of a dark ochre
colour.
Ears - High set, they are long and hanging, but rather rigid at their base, so that
the upper part of the external ear is detached from the skull, giving thus the impression of
the head being larger than it really is.
NECK - Without dewlap; its length is equal to the length of the head.
BODY - The dog being of a square construction, the length of the body,
measured from the point of the shoulder to the point of the buttock bone is
equal to that of the height at the withers.
Top profile - The straight profile
of the back, and that of the loin, slightly convex, merge harmoniously in the line
of the croup. Withers - Not very prominent from the top line.
Chest - Ample, let down
to level of elbows, with well sprung ribs, the height reaching almost half of the height
at the withers.
Brisket - Point of sternum not very obvious.
Croup - Very slightly sloping;
is very wide.
Under line - Following the profile of the sternum, then rises slightly towards
the belly.
Tail - Set in the line of the croup, carried curved over the back.
LIMBS
· FOREQUARTERS - Considered on the whole, they are perfectly straight and parallel
in relation to the median plane of the body.
Shoulders - The length of the shoulder
blades is equal to 1/4 of the withers; in relation to the horizontal, they are slanting
and are near the vertical in relation to the median plane of the body. They are well free
In their movements.
Upper-arm - Well joined to the body, of an almost equal length to that
of the shoulder, but less slanting.
Elbows - They are on a parallel plane to the median plane
of the body.
Forearm - Its length is equal to that of the upper arm: follows a perfect
vertical direction.
Pastern joint and pastern - Seen from the front, they continue the
vertical line of the forearm - Seen in profile, the pastern is a little bit slanting.
Forefeet - Oval shaped, with well cushioned dark pads and very hard black nails.
· HINDQUARTERS - Considered on the whole and viewed from the back, they must follow a
perfectly vertical line from the point of the buttock bone to the ground - they are
parallel to each other.
Upper thighs - Their length is equal to 1/3 of the height of
the withers. They are slanting from top to bottom and back to front and are perfectly
parallel to the median plane of the body.
Lower thighs - is longer than the upper thigh.
Hock - The tibia-tarsal angle is not very closed.
Hocks - The distance from the point of
the hock to the ground is slightly less than a third of the height of the withers.
Hindfeet - Same characteristics as the front feet, but less oval.
GAIT/MOVEMENT - Free, energetic, with a noble and distinguished head carriage.
SKIN - Well taut and welded to the body all over, the visible mucous membranes and the
third eyelids strictly pigmented black.
COAT - Type of hair - Long all over the body, from head to tail, from the top line to the
feet, shorter on the muzzle, rather fluffy, thus not lying flat, but in flocks, never forms
fringes.
Colour - Pure white, without any patches nor any shades of white.
SIZE AND WEIGHT - Height at withers:
males 27 to 30 cm
Females 25 to 28 cm.
Weight: from 2,5 to 4 kg.
FAULTS - Any departure from the foregoing points constitutes a fault which when
judging must be penalized according to its seriousness and extension; the same goes
for squinting (strabismus).
· SERIOUS FAULTS - Accentuated convergence or divergence of the upper longitudinal axes;
convex muzzle (Roman nose) - prognathism, if it alters the outer look of the
muzzle - side under 25 cm and more than 33 cm in the males and under 22 cm or more than
32 cm in females.
· DISQUALIFYING FAULTS - Undershot mouth - depigmentation of the nose - nose of any other
colour than black - bilateral depigmentation of the eyelids - wall-eyed - tailless - shortened
tail whether natural or artificial - any other colour than white - patches and flecks.
Note - Male should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum
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